Arabic is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

Khidr is a Qur'anic figure of Islam. He is described in Surah al-Kahf as a righteous servant of God possessing great wisdom or mystic knowledge.

A sālik is a follower of Sufism, from the verb salaka which means to travel or follow, related to sulūk "pathway". Sulūk here specifically refers to a spiritual path, i.e.

Maqām refers to each stage a Sufi's soul must attain in its search for God.

Fanaa in Sufism, a body within Islam, is the "passing away" or "annihilation". Fana means "to die before one dies", a concept highlighted by famous notable Persian mystics such as Rumi.

In Sufism, maʿrifa is the mystical understanding of God or Divine Reality. It has been described as an immediate recognition and understanding of the true nature of things as they are.

Dhawq is a concept in Sufi mysticism that refers to the direct, inner experience of spiritual reality.

Medieval Indian History

Sufism

Mystic practices in Islam

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Overview

Sufism is a diverse Islamic spiritual and ethical discipline concerned with spiritual excellence (ihsan), purification of the self and heart (tazkiya), sainthood and closeness to God (wilaya), and remembrance of God (dhikr).

Source: Wikipedia — Sufism (CC BY-SA)

Key concepts

How Sufism connects to the ideas, people and events around it.

Arabic
Arabic is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Romanization of Arabic
The romanization of Arabic is the systematic rendering of written and spoken Arabic in the Latin script.
Khidr
Khidr is a Qur'anic figure of Islam. He is described in Surah al-Kahf as a righteous servant of God possessing great wisdom or mystic knowledge.
Salik
A sālik is a follower of Sufism, from the verb salaka which means to travel or follow, related to sulūk "pathway". Sulūk here specifically refers to a spiritual path, i.e.
Maqam (Sufism)
Maqām refers to each stage a Sufi's soul must attain in its search for God.
Fana (Sufism)
Fanaa in Sufism, a body within Islam, is the "passing away" or "annihilation". Fana means "to die before one dies", a concept highlighted by famous notable Persian mystics such as Rumi.
Ma'rifa
In Sufism, maʿrifa is the mystical understanding of God or Divine Reality. It has been described as an immediate recognition and understanding of the true nature of things as they are.
Dhawq
Dhawq is a concept in Sufi mysticism that refers to the direct, inner experience of spiritual reality.

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What is Sufism?

What are the key concepts related to Sufism?

The main concepts connected to Sufism include Arabic, Romanization of Arabic, Khidr, Salik, Maqam (Sufism), Fana (Sufism), Ma'rifa, Dhawq. Each is linked on the map above with its own summary.

Which exams cover Sufism?

Sufism is part of Medieval Indian History, which appears in the syllabus of UPSC CSE, UPSC CAPF, SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, SSC MTS, SSC GD and 41 more exams.