Indian Polity & Constitution
Fundamental rights in India
Inalienable rights guaranteed to People in India by its Constitution
Overview
The Fundamental Rights in India enshrined in part III of the Constitution of India guarantee civil liberties such that all Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizens of India. These rights are known as "fundamental" as they are the most essential for all-round development i.e., material, intellectual, moral and spiritual and protected by fundamental law of the land i.e. constitution. If the rights provided by Constitution especially the fundamental rights are violated, the Supreme Court and the High Courts can issue writs under Articles 32 and 226 of the Constitution, respectively, directing the State Machinery for enforcement of the fundamental rights.
Source: Wikipedia — Fundamental rights in India (CC BY-SA)
Key concepts
How Fundamental rights in India connects to the ideas, people and events around it.
The Constitution of India is the supreme legal document of India, and the longest written national constitution in the world.
Civil liberties are fundamental rights and freedoms that governments pledge not to restrict, either through constitutions, legislation, or judicial interpretation, without due process of law.
Indian nationality law details the conditions by which a person holds Indian nationality. The two primary pieces of legislation governing these requirements are the Constitution of the Republic of India and the Citizenship Act, 1955.
Liberal democracy, also called Western-style democracy, is a form of government that combines the organization of a democracy with ideas of liberal political philosophy.
Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.
In common law, a writ is a formal written order issued by a body with administrative or judicial jurisdiction; in modern usage, this body is generally a court.
Habeas corpus is a legal procedure invoking the jurisdiction of a court to determine whether a detention or imprisonment is lawful. The right to petition for a writ of habeas corpus has long been celebrated as a fundamental safeguard of individual liberty.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 is the official criminal code of India. It came into effect on 01-July-2024, after being passed by the Parliament in December-2023, replacing the colonial-era Indian Penal Code of 1860 (IPC).
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Questions about Fundamental rights in India
What is Fundamental rights in India?
The Fundamental Rights in India enshrined in part III of the Constitution of India guarantee civil liberties such that all Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizens of India. These rights are known as "fundamental" as they are the most essential for all-round development i.e., material, intellectual, moral and spiritual and protected by fundamental law of the land i.e. constitution.
What are the key concepts related to Fundamental rights in India?
The main concepts connected to Fundamental rights in India include Constitution of India, Civil liberties, Indian nationality law, Liberal democracy, Freedom of speech, Writ, Habeas corpus, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. Each is linked on the map above with its own summary.
Which exams cover Fundamental rights in India?
Fundamental rights in India is part of Indian Polity & Constitution, which appears in the syllabus of UPSC CSE, UPSC CAPF, NDA, CDS, AFCAT, SSC CGL and 58 more exams.